Figure W1. Alongshore wind stress at NOAA NDBC buoy 46050 (a transformed version of the similar Newport wind stress is used to fill gaps), years 1985-2003. The wind stress is calculated following the method of Large and Pond (1981). Gray bars denote time periods where high quality in situ data is available.

Figure W2. Alongshore wind stress as in Fig. W1, convolved with an 8-day exponential decay, as recommended by Austin & Barth (2002). This filtered version of the wind is highly correlated with the amount of subsurface isopycnal deflection during upwelling. Blue highlighted areas denote fully upwelled conditions.